Ἡ διδαχή — γ’

The Didache — #3

April-May 2021

Introduction

This chapter was a more difficult one for me to translate because of the very large amount of often very unusual vocabulary, a lot of which I was required to look up. As this means that I was often unsure about a certain translation, you will find a much larger number of parentheses in this text than you usually do.

Τέκνον μου, φεῦγε ἀπὸ παντὸς πονηροῦ καὶ ἀπὸ παντὸς ὁμοίου αὐτοῦ. μὴ γίνου ὀργίλος, ὁδηγεῖ γὰρ ἡ ὀργὴ πρὸς τὸν φόνον, μηδὲ ζηλωτὴς μηδὲ ἐριστικὸς μηδὲ θυμικός· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων ἁπάντων φόνοι γεννῶνται. τέκνον μου, μὴ γίνου ἐπιθυμητής, ὁδηγεῖ γὰρ ἡ ἐπιθυμία πρὸς τὴν πορνείαν, μηδὲ αἰσχρολόγος μηδὲ ὑψηλόφθαλμος· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων ἁπάντων μοιχεῖαι γεννῶνται. τέκνον μου, μὴ γίνου οἰωνοσκόπος, ἐπειδὴ ὁδηγεῖ εἰς τὴν εἰδωλολατρίαν, μηδὲ ἐπαοιδὸς μηδὲ μαθηματικὸς μηδὲ περικαθαίρων, μηδὲ θέλε αὐτὰ βλέπειν· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων ἁπάντων εἰδωλολατρία γεννᾶται. τέκνον μου, μὴ γίνου ψεύστης, ἐπειδὴ ὁδηγεῖ τὸ ψεῦσμα εἰς τὴν κλοπήν, μηδὲ φιλάργυρος μηδὲ κενόδοξος· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων ἁπάντων κλοπαὶ γεννῶνται. τέκνον μου, μὴ γίνου γόγγυσος, ἐπειδὴ ὁδηγεῖ εἰς τὴν βλασφημίαν, μηδὲ αὐθάδης μηδὲ πονηρόφρων· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων ἁπάντων βλασφημίαι γεννῶνται. ἴσθι δὲ πραΰς, ἐπεὶ οἱ πραεῖς κληρονομήσουσι τὴν γῆν. γίνου μακρόθυμος καὶ ἐλεήμων καὶ ἄκακος καὶ ἡσύχιος καὶ ἀγαθὸς καὶ τρέμων τοὺς λόγους διὰ παντός, οὓς ἤκουσας. οὐχ ὑψώσεις σεαυτὸν οὐδὲ δώσεις τῇ ψυχῇ σου θράσος. οὐ κολληθήσεται ἡ ψυχή σου μετὰ ὑψηλῶν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ δικαίων καὶ ταπεινῶν ἀναστραφήσῃ. τὰ συμβαίνοντά σοι ἐνεργήματα ὡς ἀγαθὰ προσδέξῃ, εἰδὼς ὅτι ἄτερ θεοῦ οὐδὲν γίνεται.

Teknon mou, pheuge apo pantos ponērou kai apo pantos homoiou autou. mē ginou orgilos, hodēgei gar hē orgē pros ton phonon, mēde zēlōtēs mēde eristikos mēde thymikos; ek gar toutōn hapantōn phonoi gennōntai. teknon mou, mē ginou epithymētēs, hodēgei gar hē epithymia pros tēn porneian, mēde aischrologos mēde hypsēlophthalmos; ek gar toutōn hapantōn moicheiai gennōntai. teknon mou, mē ginou oiōnoskopos, epeidē hodēgei eis tēn eidōlolatrian, mēde epaoidos mēde mathēmatikos mēde perikathairōn, mēde thele auta blepein; ek gar toutōn hapantōn eidōlolatria gennatai. teknon mou, mē ginou pseustēs, epeidē hodēgei to pseusma eis tēn klopēn, mēde philargyros mēde kenodoxos; ek gar toutōn hapantōn klopai gennōntai. teknon mou, mē ginou gongysos, epeidē hodēgei eis tēn blasphēmian, mēde authadēs mēde ponērophrōn; ek gar toutōn hapantōn blasphēmiai gennōntai. isthi de praus, epei hoi praeis klēronomēsousi tēn gēn. ginou makrothymos kai eleēmōn kai akakos kai hēsychios kai agathos kai tremōn tous logous dia pantos, hous ēkousas. ouch hypsōseis seauton oude dōseis tē psychē sou thrasos. ou kollēthēsetai hē psychē sou meta hypsēlōn, alla meta dikaiōn kai tapeinōn anastraphēsē. ta symbainonta soi energēmata hōs agatha prosdexē, eidōs hoti ater theou ouden ginetai.

My child, flee (escape, run away from) all (everything) that is evil and everything like it. Do not become quick (prone) to anger, for anger leads to murder; (become) neither a zealot, nor quarrelsome nor passionate (high-spirited). For from all these (things), murder is born (begot). My child, do not become lusty, for lust leads to sexual immorality (fornification); (become) neither foul-mouthed nor lift up your eyes, only to have your lust satisfied through them (lit. high-eyed). For from all these (things), adultery is born (begot). My child, do not become a fortune teller, for this leads to idolatry; (become) neither an enchanter, nor a user of astrology, nor a cleanser — do not even wish to see such things. For from all these (things), idolatry is born (begot). My child, do not become a liar (cheater), for lies lead to theft; (become) neither a lover of money nor vain-glorious. For from all these (things), theft is born (begot). My child, do not become a mutterer (of complaints?), for it leads into blasphemy (profane speech); (become) neither presumptuous nor have evil thoughts. For from all these (things), blasphemy is born (begot). My child, be gentle (soft, meek), for the gentle will inherit (a piece of) the Earth. Become patient, compassionate, still (at ease, restful) and good and tremble at the words you hear. You shall not raise yourself up high (above others?) and you shall not give your soul impudence. Your soul shall not be stuck with (you should not follow) the high and mighty, but should follow, instead, the just and humble. Accept whatever happens to you as good knowing that without God, nothing happens.